GERD doesn’t resolve on its own and, if left untreated, can lead to serious health complications over time. However, with the right approach, it’s possible to manage GERD effectively, so it doesn’t disrupt your life. You might be wondering: what treatments are available to help you manage this condition?

What is GERD?

According to Yale Medicine, around 20% of the U.S. population experiences gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, not everyone who feels discomfort while eating or digesting has GERD.

Many people experience acid reflux, commonly known as “heartburn.” When acid reflux becomes persistent, it’s classified as GERD. Although patients often use the terms acid reflux, heartburn, and GERD interchangeably, each has a distinct meaning:

  • Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus
  • GERD is a chronic, more severe form of acid reflux
  • Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux or GERD but is not related to the heart

GERD happens when the muscle at the end of the esophagus, which functions like a door, doesn’t close properly. As you eat or drink, food moves from your throat down through the esophagus to the stomach. Ideally, this “door” opens to allow food into the stomach, then closes securely. When it doesn’t close properly, stomach contents and digestive acids can flow back up toward the throat.

This backflow can cause symptoms like heartburn—characterized by a burning or sharp pain in the chest and throat—along with nausea, vomiting, belching, or trouble swallowing. When these symptoms become chronic, a doctor may diagnose GERD.

How Do I Know if I Have GERD?

If you experience moderate to severe acid reflux once or twice a week, you may have a chronic condition called GERD. Consider asking yourself the following questions:

  • Do I get heartburn after meals?
  • Does the burning sensation in my chest worsen at night?
  • Do I often feel like there’s a lump in my throat?
  • Is a persistent cough disrupting my sleep?

If these symptoms sound familiar, please contact us.

Can GERD Go Away on Its Own?

GERD is a potentially serious condition that won’t resolve on its own. Left untreated, it can lead to esophageal inflammation and damage as stomach acid erodes the esophageal lining. In severe cases, it may even increase the risk of esophageal cancer, a life-threatening condition.

Many people start by managing GERD with over-the-counter antacids, which can offer temporary relief. Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger GERD can also help reduce symptoms. Common triggers include:

  • Acidic juices
  • Alcohol
  • Coffee or tea
  • Fatty foods
  • Peppermint

While avoiding these foods may lessen acid reflux, it won’t cure chronic GERD.

Other helpful habits include not eating before bed, avoiding lying down immediately after meals, and reducing portion sizes, as large meals can trigger symptoms. Quitting smoking and losing weight may also improve symptoms, but these lifestyle changes won’t fully resolve GERD.

How is GERD Diagnosed and Treated?

If you suspect GERD is causing your symptoms, it’s time to see a specialist in gastrointestinal disorders, like Dr. Chetan J. Patel here at Orlando Minimally Invasive Surgery. Dr. Patel is board-certified in general surgery and fellowship-trained in advanced gastrointestinal, minimally invasive, and bariatric surgery. Gastroenterologists have expertise in managing conditions of the digestive tract, including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver.

At your doctor’s office, a thorough medical history and physical exam can help identify GERD as the cause of your symptoms. To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor may recommend several diagnostic tests, including:

  • Ambulatory acid (pH) probe: A monitor placed in the esophagus to measure how long stomach acid is present there
  • Esophageal manometry: Measures the strength and coordination of esophageal contractions during swallowing
  • Esophageal pH monitoring: Involves a small monitor in the esophagus to assess acid levels
  • Upper endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a camera to examine the inside of the esophagus and stomach
  • Barium swallow X-ray: After drinking a barium solution, X-rays capture images of the upper digestive tract

Treatment for GERD may include:

  • Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding trigger foods
  • Antacids to neutralize stomach acid
  • Medications to reduce stomach acid production
  • In some cases, surgery may be recommended to address the condition

Will My GERD Come Back?

If left unmanaged, GERD can recur. However, a GERD diagnosis doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy life. With the right treatment plan, you can effectively control your symptoms, and with consistent care, you may even experience long stretches without symptoms. To reach this point, though, it’s essential to see your doctor.

Managing GERD often involves a few lifestyle adjustments along with medications to reduce symptoms. Here are some helpful strategies:

  • Eat smaller meals—up to six throughout the day—rather than three large meals
  • Slow down while eating; try sitting at the table and placing your utensil down between bites
  • Avoid eating at least two hours before bed
  • Lose weight if needed and avoid tight-fitting clothes
  • Elevate your head while sleeping
  • Steer clear of foods that seem to trigger your symptoms

Your doctor will create a personalized treatment plan, which might include:

  • Antacids to neutralize stomach acid
  • Medications to reduce acid production
  • Medications to block acid production and heal the esophageal lining

While most cases of GERD respond well to medications and lifestyle changes, surgery may be considered if these don’t provide sufficient relief. Surgical options can include:

  • Tightening the esophageal muscle to prevent acid reflux
  • LINX device placement, a ring of magnetic beads that reinforces the esophageal sphincter